Periodontal
disease, or gum disease, is a
leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Mainly caused by plaque
bacteria, it is usually painless in the early stages. Regular dental
visits are essential to maintaining gum health and timely diagnosis
and treatment when needed.
The early stage of gum disease is called
gingivitis. Advanced periodontal disease is a more serious
condition with warning signs like: persistent bad taste, permanent
teeth that are loose or separating; changes in the way your teeth fit
together when you bite.
There are many forms and stages of
periodontal disease. Most common are:
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Gingivitis
The earliest stage of gum disease,
often characterized by bleeding, tenderness, swelling and
redness of the gums. A toothpaste or mouthrinse may be used to
help reduce bleeding and inflammation for mild gingivitis. |
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Periodontitis
A more advanced stage of gum
disease involving bone and ligament surrounding the teeth. If
left untreated, it can damage the bone and supporting tissues.
Your gum separates from the tooth and the bone level
deteriorates. |
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Advanced
Periodontitis
Further progression of
periodontitis with major loss of bone support. Your gums
recede farther and separate. Pus may develop, bone loss
continues and your teeth may loosen or fall out. |
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TREATMENTS
Your dentist will examine you for
periodontal disease during each routine checkup. A periodontal
probe will be used to determine if there is any breakdown in the
gum tissue attachment or if pockets have developed between your
gums and teeth.
Treatment will depend upon the type of
periodontal disease and how far the condition has progressed.
Treatment options include:
| Scaling removes
deposits above and below the gumline |
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Root
Planing smooths rough
root surfaces so the gum can heal. Local anesthesia may be
used. |
| Oral Irrigation
directs liquid below the gumline to flush out toxins and germs
to help restore the gums to health. |
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If deep pockets are found and bone has
been destroyed, your dentist may recommend periodontal surgery.
A proper program of brushing, flossing and
regular professional cleaning will help fight plaque accumulation and
gum disease, and help you keep your teeth for a lifetime.
Be sure to follow the special home
care instructions provided by your dental professional.
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